Month: March 2024

Section 1: Helping pupils to choose optional subjects when they are aged 14-15: what some pupils say

Questions 1-6: Identifying information

[This question asks you to find information from the passage and write the number of the paragraph (A, B, C or D … .. ) in the answer sheet. Now, if the question is given in the very first part of the question set, I’d request you not to answer them. It’s mainly because this question will not follow any sequence, and so it will surely kill your time. Rather, you should answer all the other questions first. And just like List of Headings, only read the first two lines or last two lines of the expected paragraph initially. If you find the answers, you need not read the middle part. If you don’t find answers yet, you can skim the middle part of the paragraph. Keywords will be a useful matter here.]

Question 1: This pupil is interested in the subject despite the way it is taught.

Keywords for this question: interested in, the subject, despite, way it is taught,    

In paragraph D, Violeta says in lines 3-5, “ . . . the teacher is very knowledgeable, though I think we spend too much time listening to her: I’d like to meet more people working in the sector, and learn from their experience.”

Here, though I think we spend too much time listening to her = despite the way it is taught,

like to meet more people working in the sector, and learn from their experience = This pupil is interested in the subject,

So, the answer is: D

Question 2: This pupil is hoping to have a career that makes use of the subject.  

Keywords for this question: hoping, a career, refund, makes use of the subject,       

In paragraph B, Lucy says in the final lines, “ . . . My plan is to study history at university, and maybe go into the diplomatic service, so l can apply a knowledge of history.”

Here, My plan is to study history at university, and maybe go into the diplomatic service = hoping to have a career that makes use of the subject,

So, the answer is: B                

Question 3: This pupil finds the subject harder than they expected.

Keywords for this question: finds the subject harder, than, expected,  

In paragraph C, Mark says in lines 3-4, “ . . . . I didn’t think I’d have any problem with it, but I was quite wrong! . .. .”

Here, I didn’t think I’d have any problem with it, but I was quite wrong = harder than they expected,

So, the answer is: C   

Question 4: This pupil finds the lessons very entertaining.

Keywords for this question: finds the lessons, very entertaining,

In paragraph E, Walid says in lines 2-3, “ . . . I was afraid the lessons might be a bit dull. I needn’t have worried, though – our teacher gets us to do lots of fun things, so there’s no risk of getting bored. . .. . .”

Here, our teacher gets us to do lots of fun things, so there’s no risk of getting bored = finds the lessons very entertaining,

So, the answer is: E   

Question 5: This pupil appreciates the benefit of doing challenging work.

Keywords for this question: appreciates, benefit, doing challenging work,

In paragraph A, Krishnan says in lines 2-4, “ . . . Mr Peckham really pushes us, and offers us extra assignments, to help us improve. That’s good for me, because otherwise I’d be quite lazy.”

Here, offers us extra assignments, to help us improve. That’s good for me, because otherwise I’d be quite lazy = appreciates the benefit of doing challenging work,

So, the answer is: A

Question 6: This pupil has realised the connection between two things.

Keywords for this question: realised, connection between two things,  

In paragraph B, Lucy says in lines 1-2, “ . . . History is my favourite subject, and it’s fascinating to see how what we learn about the past is relevant to what’s going on in the world now. .. . .. .”

Here, it’s fascinating to see how what we learn about the past is relevant to what’s going on in the world now = has realised the connection between two things,

So, the answer is: B

It’s almost time for the next Ripton Festival  

Questions 8-14:  TRUE, FALSE, NOT GIVEN

[In this type of question, candidates are asked to find out whether:

The statement in the question agrees with the information in the passage – TRUEThe statement in the question contradicts the information in the passage – FALSEIf there is no information on this – NOT GIVEN

For this type of question, you can divide each statement into three independent pieces and make your way through with the answer. This question type generally follows a sequence. So, scanning skill is effective here.]

Question 7: The festival is held every year. 

Keywords for this question: held, every year,

The answer is in the very first lines where the writer says, “As usual, the festival will be held in the last weekend of June, this year on Saturday to Monday, 27-29 June. . . .. . .. .”   

Here, As usual = like every year,

This means the festival is a yearly event.

So, the answer is: TRUE

Question 8: This year’s festival focuses on the town’s history.

Keywords for this question: This year’s festival, focuses, town’s history,  

In lines 2-3 of the passage, the writer says, “ . . .. . .. . The theme is Ripton through the ages. Scenes will be acted out showing how the town has developed since it was first established. . .. .”

Here, The theme = This year’s festival focuses, Ripton through the ages = the town’s history,

So, the answer is: TRUE

Question 9: Goods displayed in the craft fair are unlike ones found in shops.  

Keywords for this question: goods, displayed in the craft fair, unlike ones, found in shops,

The second paragraph talks about the craft fair. However, there is no comparison of goods with other shops.

So, the answer is: NOT GIVEN

Question 10: The barbecue will be cancelled if it rains.

Keywords for this question: barbecue, will be cancelled, if it rains,

We find a discussion about ‘barbecue’ in paragraph no. 3, and the writer says in line no. 2, “ .. . he barbecue will be held in Palmer’s Field, or in the town hall if there’s rain. . . .. .. .”

Here, in the town hall if there’s rain = The barbecue will NOT be cancelled if it rains, it will take place in the town hall instead.

So, the answer is: FALSE

Question 11: Adults can attend the barbecue at any time without charge.

Keywords for this question: Adults can attend, barbecue, any time without charge,

In paragraph no. 3, lines 3-4 say, “ . . . Entry for under 16s is free all day; adults can come for free until 6 pm and pay £5 after that.. . . .”

Here, adults can come for free until 6 pm and pay £5 after that = Adults can attend the barbecue without charge until 6 pm, but after that they have to pay.

So, the answer is: FALSE

Question 12: Amateur musicians will perform during the whole of the barbecue.

Keywords for this question: Amateur musicians, will perform, during, whole of the barbecue,    

The final lines of paragraph no. 3 say, “. .. . with local amateur bands in the afternoon and professional musicians in the evening.”

Here, local amateur bands in the afternoon = Amateur musicians will perform in the afternoon only,

So the answer is: FALSE

Question 13: Seating is available for watching the boat races.

Keywords for this question: seating, available, for watching the boat races,  

In the fourth paragraph, lines 2-3 say, “ . .. . The spectator area by the bridge has plenty of room to stand and cheer the boats home, in addition to a number of benches. .. . .. . .”

Here, in addition to a number of benches = There will be some seats for watching the boat race,

So the answer is: TRUE

Question 14: People attending the festival will be asked to donate some money. 

Keywords for this question: People attending the festival, will be asked, donate some money,

In the final line of the passage, it says, “All money raised by the festival will go to support the sports clubs in Ripton.”

However, there is NO MENTION of any donation by people.

So the answer is: NOT GIVEN

Section 2: Reducing injuries on the farm

Questions 15-20: Completing the table

[In this type of question candidates need to fill in the gaps in a table. For this table, candidates need to write ONE WORD ONLY to fill in the blanks. Scanning skill is essential for this type of question.]

Question 15:

Risk factor: Heavy loads

Examples of farm activities: lifting sacks of _________.  

Keywords for this question: heavy loads, lifting sacks,

Take a look at lines 1-4 in paragraph no. 2 where the author says, “The first risk relates to the carrying of an excessive load or weight. This places undue demands on the spine and can cause permanent damage. Examples of tasks that involve this risk are moving 50-kilogramme fertiliser bags from one site to another or carrying heavy buckets of animal feed around fields.”  

Here, an excessive load or weight = heavy loads, moving .. .. . from one site to another = lifting, bags = sacks,

So, the answer is: fertilizer/ fertilizer  

Questions 16, 17, 18:

Risk factor: Awkward posture

Examples of farm activities: lifting a restless 16. _________. 

Examples of farm activities: moving something around a big 17. _________. 

Risk reduction measures to consider: Buy particular 18. ________ to help with support.

Keywords for this question: Awkward posture, lifting a restless, moving something, around a big, buy, particular, help with support,

In paragraph no. 3, the author says, “If a load is bulky or hard to grasp, such as a lively or agitated animal, it will be more difficult to hold while lifting and carrying. The holder may adopt an awkward posture, which is tiring and increases the risk of injury. Sometimes a load has to be held away from the body because there is a large obstacle in the area and the person lifting needs to be able to see where their feet are going. This results in increased stress on the back; holding a load at arm’s length imposes about five times the stress of a close-to-the-body position. In such cases, handling aids should be purchased that can take the weight off the load and minimise the potential for injury.”

Here, lively or agitated = restless, a load has to be held away from the body = moving something around, large = big, should be purchased = buy, can take the weight off the load = help with support,

So, the answers are:

1. animal
2. obstacle
3. aids

Questions 19 & 20:

Risk factor: A lot of 19. ________ while working

Examples of farm activities: fixing a fallen 20. _________. 

Keywords for this question: a lot of, while working, fixing a fallen,

The first few lines of the final paragraph say, “Another risk that relates to awkward posture is repetitive bending when carrying out a task. An example might be repairing a gate that has collapsed onto the ground.  .. . . . . .”

Here, repetitive = a lot of, when carrying out a task = while working, repairing = fixing, has collapsed onto the ground = fallen,

So, the answers are:

1. bending
2. gate

Good customer service in retail

Questions 21-27: Completing sentences

In this type of question, candidates are asked to write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS to complete sentences on the given topic. For this type of question, first, skim the passage to find the keywords in the paragraph concerned with the answer, and then scan to find the exact word.

[TIPS: Here scanning technique will come in handy. Target the keywords of the questions to find the answers. Remember to focus on Proper nouns, random Capital letters, numbers, special characters of text etc.]

Question 21: A _________ approach to selling is fine as long as you do not irritate the customer.  

Keywords for this question: approach, selling, fine, as long as, do not irritate, the customer,   

The answer can be found in lines 1-2 of the second paragraph, “Some customers just want to browse and not be bothered by sales staff. Try to be sensitive to how much help a customer wants; be proactive in offering help without being annoying. .. .. .”

Here, offering help without being annoying = fine as long as you do not irritate the customer,

So, the answer is: proactive

Question 22: Recommend additional products and _______ without being too forceful.

Keywords for this question: recommend, additional products, without being, too forceful,  

The final few lines of the second paragraph say, “. .. . . Suggest a product that naturally accompanies what the customer is considering or point out products for which there are special offers, but don’t pressure a customer into buying an item they don’t want.”

Here, Suggest a product & point out products = Recommend additional products, don’t pressure a customer = without being too forceful,

So, the answer is: special offers

Question 23: Know how to compare similar products which have different __________ .  

Keywords for this question: know, how to compare, similar products, have different,   

In the opening of the third paragraph, the writer mentions, “Build up a comprehensive knowledge of all the products in your shop, including the pros and cons of products that are alike but that have been produced under a range of brand names.”

Here, Build up a comprehensive knowledge = know, the pros and cons = how to compare, products that are alike = similar products, a range of = different,

So, the answer is: brand names

Question 24: Avoid _________ by always saying more than ‘no’.  

Keywords for this question: avoid, by, always saying, more than ‘no’, 

In lines 4-6 of the third paragraph, the writer says, “ . .  …. .. . . Negativity can put customers off instantly. If a customer asks a question to which the answer is ‘no’, do not just leave it at that – follow it with a positive, for example: ‘we’re expecting more of that product in on Tuesday’.”

Here, If a customer asks a question to which the answer is ‘no’, do not just leave it at that = avoid . . .. ..  .. . by always saying more than ‘no’,

So, the answer is: negativity

Question 25: Keep an eye on the __________ of goods on the shelves.   

Keywords for this question: keep an eye, on, goods on the shelves,

In the fourth paragraph, lines 1-3 say, “Meanwhile, if you see a product in the wrong place on a shelf, don’t ignore it – put it back where it belongs. This attention to presentation keeps the shop tidy, giving the right impression to your customers. .. . .. . . .. .”

Here, if you see a product in the wrong place on a shelf, don’t ignore it – put it back where it belongs = keep an eye,  

These lines suggest that the presentation of the right products should be given attention.

So, the answer is: presentation  

Question 26: If a customer has problems paying with their ________, handle the problem with care.

Keywords for this answer: if, a customer, problems, paying with, handle, problem, with care,  

In the fifth paragraph, the first few lines say, “When necessary, be discreet. For example, if the customer’s credit card is declined at the till, keep your voice down and enquire about an alternative payment method quietly so that the customer doesn’t feel humiliated. .. .. .. .” 

Here, When necessary, be discreet & keep your voice down and enquire about an alternative payment method quietly so that the customer doesn’t feel humiliated = handle the problem with care,

declined at the till = has problems paying with,

So, the answer is: credit card

Question 27: Any __________ from a customer should not affect how you treat them.   

Keywords for this answer: any, from a customer, should not affect, how you treat them,  

In the sixth paragraph, the writer says, “Finally, good manners are probably the most important aspect of dealing with customers. Treat each person with respect at all times, even when you are faced with rudeness.”

Here, Treat each person with respect at all times = should not affect how you treat them,

So, the answer is: rudeness

Section 3: Plastic is no longer fantastic

Questions 28-34:  List of headings

[In this question type, IELTS candidates are provided with a list of headings, usually identified with lower-case Roman numerals (i, ii, iii, etc,). A heading will refer to the main idea of the paragraph or section of the text. Candidates must find out the equivalent heading to the correct paragraphs or sections, which are marked with alphabets A, B, C, and so forth. Candidates need to write the appropriate Roman numerals in the boxes on their answer sheets. There will always be two or three more headings than there are paragraphs or sections. So, some of the headings will not be used. It is also likely that some paragraphs or sections may not be included in the task. Generally, the first paragraph is an example paragraph that will be done for the candidates for their understanding of the task.

TIPS: Skimming is the best reading technique. You need not understand every word here. Just try to gather the gist of the sentences. That’s all. Read quickly and don’t stop until you finish each sentence.]

Question 28: Paragraph A  

In section A, the first few lines talk about Carlos Ferrando’s experience of visiting a museum and watching a piece of artwork about plastic waste. Then, in the final lines, the writer says, “ .. . .. .. . The artwork, designed to raise public awareness, left Ferrando angry – and fuelled with entrepreneurial ideas.”

Here, left Ferrando angry = it was a very disturbing experience for Ferrando,   

So, the answer is: vi (A disturbing experience)

Question 29: Paragraph B

Let’s read lines 1-3 of Paragraph B. The author of the text says here, “Ferrando runs a Spanish-based design company, Closca, that produces an ingenious foldable bicycle helmet. But he has now also designed a stylish glass water bottle with a stretchy silicone strap and magnetic closure mechanism. .. .. .” 

Here, produces an ingenious foldable bicycle helmet & he has now also designed a stylish glass water bottle = two inventions,

If you read further inside this paragraph, you will find some physical details of both products.  

So, the answer is: iv (Two inventions and some physical details)

Question 30: Paragraph C

Let’s read lines 1-2 of Paragraph C. The author of the passage says, “The intention is to persuade people to stop buying water in plastic bottles, thus saving consumers money and reducing the plastic waste piling up in our oceans. . .. .. . .”

Here, The intention =  the reasons, saving consumers money and reducing the plastic waste piling up in our oceans = reasons for the need of Ferrando’s product,

So, the answer is: ii (The reasons why Ferrando’s product is needed)

Question 31: Paragraph D

To find an answer to this question, we must skim-read paragraph D. In lines 2-6, the writer explains, “ . .. .. .. Three decades ago, conspicuous consumption – the purchase of luxuries, such as handbags, shoes, cars, etc. on a lavish scale – heightened people’s social status. Indeed, the closing decades of the 20th century were a time when it seemed that anything could be turned into a commodity. Hence the fact that water became a consumer item, sold in plastic bottles, instead of just emerging, for free, from a tap.”

Here, Three decades ago & the closing decades of the 20th century were a time = looking back,

it seemed that anything could be turned into a commodity. Hence the fact that water became a consumer item, sold in plastic bottles = why water was bottled,

So, the answer is: viii (Looking back at why water was bottled)

Question 32: Paragraph E

In Paragraph E, take a look at lines 6-9. The writer says here, “ . .. . Some teenagers currently think that these stainless-steel vacuum-insulated water bottles that are coming back onto the market are ultra ‘cool’; never mind the fact that they feel oddly out-of-date to anyone over the age of 40 or that teenagers in the 1970s would have avoided ever being seen with one.”

Here, we can clearly see that one generation (the current teenagers) thinks that stainless-steel vacuum-insulated water bottles are ‘cool’ while the other generation (anyone over the age of 40) thinks that stainless-steel vacuum-insulated water bottles are ‘out-of-date’.

So, the answer is: v (The contrasting views of different generations)

Question 33: Paragraph F

In Paragraph F, have a look at lines 3-7, “ . .. .. . . it can be very hard for any design entrepreneur to really take off in the global mass market, though not as hard as it might have been in the past. If an entrepreneur had wanted to fund a smart invention a few decades ago, he or she would have had to either raise a bank loan, borrow money from a family member or use a credit card. Things have moved on slightly since then.”

Here, though not as hard as it might have been in the past. = The past was the time when opportunities were limited to raise a fund, 

So, the answer is: i (A time when opportunities were limited)

Question 34: Paragraph G

In Paragraph G, take a close look at lines 10-12, “ . .. . Using this approach, none of the donors has a stake in his idea, nor does he have any debt. Instead, it is almost a pre-sale of the product, in a manner that tests demand in advance and creates a potential crowd of enthusiasts. . .. .”

Here, none of the donors has a stake in his idea, nor does he have any debt = A no-risk solution,

So, the answer is: iii (A no-risk solution)

Questions 35-37:  Multiple-choice questions

[This type of question asks you to choose a suitable answer from the options using the knowledge you gained from the passage. This question type generally follows a sequence. So, scanning skill is effective here.]

Question 35: What does Ferrando say about his glass water bottle?

Keywords for this answer: What, Ferrando, say about, glass water bottle,  

In paragraph C, in lines 6-8, Ferrando says, “ . . .. .. .. ‘We are trying to create a sense that being environmentally sophisticated is a status symbol,’ he adds. ‘We want people to clip their bottles onto what they are wearing, to show that they are recycling – and to look cool.’ ”

Here, to show that they are recycling – and to look cool =  he wants people to be proud to show it,

So, the answer is: D (He wants people to be proud to show it.)

Question 36: What does the writer find fascinating about Ferrando’s story?

Keywords for this question: What, the writer, find fascinating, about Ferrando’s story,

To find an answer to this question, we have to read paragraph D and the opening of paragraph E, as the writer explains here, “Ferrando’s story is fascinating because it seems like an indicator of something unexpected. Three decades ago, conspicuous consumption – the purchase of luxuries, such as handbags, shoes, cars, etc. on a lavish scale – heightened people’s social status. Indeed, the closing decades of the 20th century were a time when it seemed that anything could be turned into a commodity. Hence the fact that water became a consumer item, sold in plastic bottles, instead of just emerging, for free, from a tap.”

These lines suggest that three decades ago people’s social status was based on the purchase of luxuries. So, using a plastic water bottle was also a symbol of status.

Then, in paragraph E, the first few lines say, “Today, though, conspicuous extravagance no longer seems desirable among consumers. Now, recycling is fashionable – as is cycling rather than driving. Plastic water bottles have become so common that they do not command status; . .. . .. .. ”

These lines suggest that at present, however, people’s attitude has changed regarding buying things for social status; and nowadays anything can be a commodity; and using plastic water bottles have so common that it doesn’t hold any social status anymore.

So, the answer is: D (the change it is revealing in people’s attitudes)

Question 37: What does the writer suggest about Closca’s bike helmet?

Keywords for this question: What, the writer, suggest, about, Closca’s bike helmet,  

In the opening of paragraph F, the writer says, “It is uncertain whether Clesca will succeed in its goal. Although its foldable bike helmet is available in some outlets in New York, including the Museum of Modern Art, . . .”

Here, foldable bike helmet = functional value,

available in .. . .. . the Museum of Modern Art = artistic value,

So, the answer is: A (It has both functional and artistic value.)

Questions 37-40:  Summary completion

[In this kind of question candidates are given a summary for one, two, or three paragraphs with some fill-in-the-blanks questions. Candidates need to find out the related paragraphs by correctly studying the keywords from the questions. Then, they should follow the steps of finding answers to fill in the gaps.]

Title of the summary: Funding a smart invention

Question 38: Thirty years ago, the methods used by creators to fund their projects involved getting money from the bank or from someone in the ___________.

Keywords for this question: Thirty years ago, methods used by creators, fund their projects, getting money from the bank, from someone in the,      

In lines 5-7 of Paragraph F, the writer mentions, “ . .. If an entrepreneur had wanted to fund a smart invention a few decades ago, he or she would have had to either raise a bank loan, borrow money from a family member or use a credit card. . … .. . ..”

Here, an entrepreneur = creators,

a few decades ago = Thirty years ago,

raise a bank loan = getting money from the bank,

from a family member = from someone in the family,

So, the answer is: family

Question 39: In order to get immediate funding, the method Ferrando took was to use a well-known ____________ to advertise his product and request financial support.

Keywords for this question: to get immediate funding, method Ferrando took, use a well-known, to advertise his product, request financial support,

In Paragraph G, the answer lies in lines 4-5. Here, the writer mentions, “ . .. Ferrando posted details about his water-bottle venture on a large, recognised platform for funding creative projects.”

Here, posted details about his water-bottle venture = use .. … . to advertise his product,

recognised = well-known,

for funding = request financial support,

So, the answer is: platform

Question 40: In addition, Ferrando advised his donors that his company would create bottles in two colours, followed by a __________ bottle once they had received a more significant amount.

Keywords for this question: In addition, Ferrando advised his donors would create bottles in two colours, followed by a, bottle, once they had received, more significant amount,

Again, in paragraph G, in lines 8-10, the writer explains, “ … . . .. . If he received the funds, he stated that the company would produce bottles in grey and white; if $60,000 was raised, a multicoloured one would be made. … .. . . .”     

Here, grey and white = two colours,

if $60,000 was raised = if Ferrando’s company received a more significant amount,

So, the answer is: multicoloured/ multi-coloured/ multi-colored

Section 1: New cycle path to Marsh brook Country Park

Questions 1-7: Identifying information

[This question asks you to find information from the passage and write the number of the paragraph (A, B, C or D … .. ) in the answer sheet. Now, if the question is given in the very first part of the question set, I’d request you not to answer them. It’s mainly because this question will not follow any sequence, and so it will surely kill your time. Rather, you should answer all the other questions first. And just like List of Headings, only read the first two lines or last two lines of the expected paragraph initially. If you find the answers, you need not read the middle part. If you don’t find answers yet, you can skim the middle part of the paragraph. Keywords will be a useful matter here.]

Question 1: what still needs to be done 

Keywords for this question: still, needs to be done,       

Paragraph E provides detail about the works that still need to be done. Take a look at these lines, “. . .. work is continuing to improve the signs along it, such as warnings when the path approaches a road. New hedges and trees will also be planted along the stretches of the path, . .. . ..”

Here, work is continuing to improve & will also be means the works that still need to be done.

So, the answer is: E

Question 2: the original suggestion for creating the path

Keywords for this question: original suggestion, creating the path,

In paragraph C, the writer of the text says in lines 2-3, “ . .. . Cycle Atherton proposed the 12-kilometre-long cycle path initially,  . . .. .”              

Here, proposed the 12-kilometre-long cycle path initially = original suggestion for creating the path,

So, the answer is: C   

Question 3: a reason why the path opened early

Keywords for this question: reason, path opened early,   

The answer can be found in paragraph B. Read lines 3-4 carefully, “ . .. . The cycle path was completed ahead of schedule – partly thanks to perfect weather for construction – and under budget.” 

Here, The cycle path was completed ahead of schedule = reason why the path opened early,

So, the answer is: B               

Question 4: people who no longer need to get to the park by car

Keywords for this question: people, no longer need, get to the park, by car,     

In section D take a look at lines 3-4, “ . . ..  At 2.5 metres wide, it is also suitable for users of wheelchairs, mobility scooters and buggies, who have not previously had access to the park without using motor vehicles.”

Here, suitable for users of wheelchairs, mobility scooters and buggies who have not previously had access to the park without using motor vehicles = people who no longer need to get to the park by car,

So, the answer is: D               

Question 5: the route of the path

Keywords for this question: route of the path,    

Have a look at the first lines of paragraph A, “A new dual-purpose cycle and pedestrian route has been built from Atherton bus station to the country park’s main entrance at Marshbrook.  .. … ..”

Here, from Atherton bus station to the country park’s main entrance at Marshbrook = the route of the path,

So, the answer is: A

Question 6: the length of the path  

Keywords for this question: length of the path,   

In paragraph C the writer says in lines 2-3, “ .. .. . Cycle Atherton proposed the 12-kilometre-long cycle path initially, .. … .”

Here, 12-kilometre-long = the length of the path,

So, the answer is: C

Question 7: who paid for the path    

Keywords for this question: who paid,   

In paragraph B, the writer says in the first lines, “Funding for the cycle path has come largely from the country and town councils, while almost a third of it was raised through crowdfunding. .. ..” 

Here, Funding = paid for the path,

So, the answer is: B

Study dramatic arts at Thornley   

Questions 8-14: TRUE, FALSE, NOT GIVEN

[In this type of question, candidates are asked to find out whether:

The statement in the question agrees with the information in the passage – TRUE
The statement in the question contradicts with the information in the passage – FALSE
If there is no information on this – NOT GIVEN

For this type of question, you can divide each statement into three independent pieces and make your way through with the answer.]

Question 8: The college has introduced new courses since it opened.

Keywords for this question: college, introduced, new courses, since, opened,     

In paragraph no. 1 the writer says in lines 2-4, “…. . .. . For fifty years we have been providing top-quality courses for actors, directors, producers, musicians and everyone else who wishes to work professionally in the theatre or related industry. … .. .”    

These lines suggest that the age of college is fifty years and it provides courses related to films and dramas. However, whether the college has introduced some new courses since its opening or not is NOT mentioned here.  

So, the answer is: NOT GIVEN  

Question 9: The college provides training for work in the film industry.

Keywords for this question: college, provides, training for work, film industry,     

In lines 4-5 of paragraph no. 1, the writer says, “ . .. .. We also have expertise in preparing students for the specialised requirements of TV, film and radio. . ..”

Here, preparing students for the specialised requirements = training for work, film = the film industry,

So, the answer is: TRUE

Question 10: Students have the chance to work with relevant professionals.

Keywords for this question: students, chance, work with, relevant professionals,  

In paragraph no. 2, take a look at these lines, “ . . .. . and we also collaborate with some of the country’s best directors, writers and actors to create challenging, inspiring and exciting projects with our students.”

Here, we also collaborate with . … to create .. … with our students = students of this college have the chance to work with,  

the country’s best directors, writers, and actors = relevant professionals,

So, the answer is: TRUE

Question 11: Many more people apply to study at the college than are accepted.  

Keywords for this question: many more people, apply to study, than, accepted,     

In paragraph no. 3, lines 2-3 say, “ .. . . Every year, we receive two thousand applications for the one hundred places on our degree courses. .. .. .”  

Here, two thousand applications for the one hundred places = many more people apply . .. .. than are accepted,  

So, the answer is: TRUE

Question 12: Theatre 500 was created by students.

Keywords for this question: Theatre 500, created, by students,      

We can find the answer to this question in paragraph no. 4. Here, in lines 1-2, the author of the text says, “To make our fiftieth anniversary this year, we are putting on a production of Theatre 500. Written by two staff members . .. ..”

Here, Written by two staff members = it was created by people who work in the theatre, not by the students,

So the answer is: FALSE

Question 13: The new building and the council building were designed by the same architects.

Keywords for this question: new building, council building, designed by, same architects,   

In paragraph no. 5, the writer of the text talks about the new building (Our new premises) and in lines 3-4 the writer says, “ . .. For the last two years, we have been developing designs with Miller Furbank Architects for our new home, .. . ..”

Here, our new home = the new building,

This means Miller Furbank Architects has been designing the new building. However, there is NO INFORMATION about who designed the council building.  

So the answer is: NOT GIVEN

Question 14: Local groups will be charged for using college premises.

Keywords for this question: local groups, will be charged for, using college premises,    

In the final paragraph, the first lines say, “We have been talking to cultural organisations in the district, and considering how we can bring cost-free benefits to the local community, as well as to our students. .. ..”

Here, considering how we can bring cost-free benefits to the local community = local groups will NOT be charged for using college premises,

So the answer is: FALSE

Section 2:How to make your working day more enjoyable

Questions 15-21: Completing sentences with ONE WORD ONLY

In this type of question, candidates are asked to write a maximum of one word to complete sentences on the given topic. For this type of question, first, skim the passage to find the keywords in the paragraph concerned with the answer, and then scan to find the exact word.

[TIPS: Here scanning technique will come in handy. Target the keywords of the questions to find the answers. Remember to focus on Proper nouns, random Capital letters, numbers, special characters of text etc.]

Question 15: Bringing a personal ________ to work will make the place feel more homely.  

Keywords for this question: bringing, personal, will make, place, feel more homely,    

In the second paragraph, the author of the text says in lines 2-4, “ . .. . Get some green plants or a family photo for your desk. File all those add bits of paper or throw them away. All of these little touches can make your work environment feel like it’s yours. .. . .”   

Here, family = personal, make your work environment feel like it’s yours = will make the place feel more homely,

So, the answer is: photo

Question 16: It is important to check the position of all _______ before use to avoid pulling any muscles.   

Keywords for this question: important to check, position, before use, avoid, pulling, any muscles,      

Again, in paragraph no. 2, read lines 4-5, “ .. . Make sure any screens you have are at a suitable height so you’re not straining your neck and shoulders.”

Here, Make sure = it is important to check, at a suitable height = check the position, not straining your neck and shoulders = avoid pulling any muscles,  

So, the answer is: screens

Question 17: Leaving the office in the middle of the day may help to raise ________ later on.

Keywords for this question: leaving, office, middle of the day, may help, raise, later on,

Take a look at lines 1-3 in paragraph no. 3, “Humans need a change of environment every now and then to improve productivity. Go out at lunchtime for a quick walk. If you have the option, it’s a good idea to work from home occasionally. . . .”

Here, improve = raise, Go out at lunchtime & work from home occasionally = leaving the office in the middle of the day, 

So, the answer is: productivity

Question 18: It is advisable to avoid checking a ______ during breaks.

Keywords for this question: advisable, avoid checking, during breaks,     

Lines 1-3 of the fourth paragraph say, “Use coffee time to get to know a colleague you don’t usually speak to. There’s no point in getting away from starting at one thing though, only to replace it with another; so leave your mobile alone! . .. .”

Here, coffee time = breaks, leave your mobile alone = it is advisable to avoid checking mobile,  

So, the answer is: mobile

Question 19: Getting involved in _______ at work may have negative results.

Keywords for this question: Getting involved in, work, may have, negative results,     

The last few lines of paragraph no. 4 say, “.. . .. Another tip is to try and stay out of office gossip. In the long run it could get you in more trouble than you realise.”

Here, could get you in more trouble than you realise = may have negative results,

So, the answer is: gossip

Question 20: Having a few _______ available can help people concentrate better at work.  

Keywords for this question: having, few, available, help people, concentrate, better,      

The answer can be found in paragraph no. 5. Here, in lines 1-3, the author of the text says, “ .. . . If you can keep some healthy snacks in your desk because if you have something you can nibble on, it will make you work more effectively and you’ll enjoy it more. .. . .”

Here, keep some = having a few, it will make you work more effectively and you’ll enjoy it more = can help people concentrate better at work,

So, the answer is: snacks

How to get promoted  

Questions 21-27: Completing notes

[In this type of question, candidates are asked to complete different notes with NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage. Keywords are important to find answers correctly. Generally, this type of question maintains a sequence. However, we should not be surprised if the sequence is not maintained. Find the keywords in the passage and you are most likely to find the answers.]

Title of the notes: Steps to take to achieve a promotion

Question 21:

First step: examine past successes and any _________ that would help gain promotion

Keywords for this question: First step, examine past successes, would help, gain promotion,

In the second paragraph, the writer of the text says in lines 2-3, “ . .. .. Take an honest look at yourself – your achievements and also your skills, particularly those you could exploit to take on a different role.”  

Here, achievements = past successes, those you could exploit to take on a different role = that would help gain promotion,   

So, the answer is: skills

Question 22:

Set up a meeting with your boss to talk about:

• how best to use your high level of ________ in future

Keywords for this question: set up, meeting, your boss, talk about, how best to use, high level, in future,    

In paragraph no. 3, the writer says in the beginning, “Your boss is the gatekeeper. If you think your boss is likely to be on your side, ask for a meeting to discuss your serious commitment to the organisation and how this could translate into a more defined career plan. .. ..”

Here, ask for a meeting to discuss = Set up a meeting with your boss to talk about, serious = high level of,

 So, the answer is: commitment

Question 23:

• or how much extra ________ you already bring to the company  

Keywords for this question:how much, extra, already bring, the company,   

Again, in paragraph no. 3, the writer says in lines 4-5, “ . .. . start softly with a more deliberate focus on increasing your boss’s understanding of the work you do and the added value you deliver.”

Here, added = extra, you deliver = you already bring to the company,

So, the answer is: value

Question 24:

Focus on the important people in the company:

• find out which ones will be members of the _________ who decide on the promotion

Keywords for this question: focus, important people, find out, which ones, will be, members, who decide on, promotion,

The answer can be found in paragraph no. 4. Here, take a look at lines 1-3, “Think about how you are perceived at work. In order for you to get your promotion, who needs to know about you? Who would be on the interview panel and whose opinion and input would they seek? … …”   

Here, Who would be = which ones will be, the interview panel = members of the panel, whose opinion and input would they seek = who decide on the promotion,

So, the answer is: panel  

Question 25:

• consider how much they are aware of your _________ for the future

Keywords for this question: consider, how much, aware, your, for the future,

In paragraph no. 4, the writer says again in lines 3-5, “ .. . . And once you’ve got a list of people to impress, ask yourself – do they know enough about you? And I mean really know – what you do day to day at your desk, your contribution to the team, and perhaps most importantly, your potential.”

Here, do they know enough about you? = consider how much they are aware,

So, the answer is: potential   

Question 26: Take steps to raise your profile by:

• offering to create a feature for a company publication
• participating in the _________ of events for customers

Keywords for this question: take steps, raise, profile, by, offering, create feature, company publication, participating, events for customers,

The answer can be found in the fifth paragraph. Here, the writer says in lines 2-5, “ . . .. Raising your profile in your organisation is critical so that when those in change start looking at that empty office and considering how best to fill it, the first name that pops into their heads is yours. If your firm has a newsletter, volunteer to write a feature to include in it. If they arrange regular client events, get involved in the organisation of them. And so on.”

Here, client events = events for customers, get involved in = participate in,  

So, the answer is: organisation / organization   

N.B: Here, the word ‘organisation’ is included in two places; first, in line no. 2 (organisation = company), and then, in line no. 5 (organisation = the action of organizing something). The answer is taken from line no. 5.

Question 27: Work on self-development:

• take any ________ that fill in gaps in knowledge

Keywords for this question: improve, grammar,  

In the final paragraph (paragraph no. 6), the writer says in lines 1-3, “If you think your experience needs enhancing, then look at ways you can continue to improve it. If you are confident in your professional expertise but lacks the latest management theory, enrol on some relevant courses that fit around your day job.”

Here, look at ways you can continue to improve = work on self-development, lacks the latest management theory = gaps in knowledge,  

So, the answer is: courses   

Section 3:Animals can tell right from wrong   

Questions 28-34: Summary completion:

[In this kind of question candidates are given a summary for one, two, or three paragraphs with some fill in the blanks questions. Candidates need to find out the related paragraphs by correctly studying the keywords from the questions. Then, they should follow the steps of finding answers to fill in the gaps.]

Title of the summary: Complex social behaviour in wolf packs 

Question 28: Wolves live in packs and it is clear that there are a number of _______ concerning their behaviour.

Keywords for this question: wolves, live in packs, clear, a number of, concerning, their behaviour,  

The answer can be found in lines 1-2 of paragraph no. 4. Here, the writer says, “Wolves live in tight-knit social groups that are regulated by strict rules. . … ..”

Here, tight-knit social groups = packs,   

Here, the phrase in the question ‘a number of’ indicates to ‘something plural’.

So, the answer is: rules

Question 29: Some observers believe they exhibit a sense of ________ . The stronger, more senior wolves seem to adopt the roles of the junior wolves when they are playing together.

Keywords for this question: some observers, believe, exhibit, sense of, stronger, more senior wolves, seem to adopt, roles, junior wolves, when, playing together,   

In paragraph no. 4, lines 2-4 say, “ . .. . . Wolves also demonstrate fairness. During play, dominant wolves will appear to exchange roles with lower-ranking wolves. .. .

Here, demonstrate = exhibit, dominant wolves = The stronger, more senior wolves, exchange roles = adopt the roles, lower-ranking wolves = junior wolves,

So, the answer is: fairness

Questions 30 & 31: They act as if they are 30. _________ to the juniors and even permit some gentle 31. ________.

Keywords for this question: they act, as if, to the juniors, even, permit, some gentle,    

In paragraph no. 4, lines 5-7 state, “ . .. .. They pretend to be submissive and go so far as to allow biting by the lower-ranking wolves, provided that it is not too hard. .. ..”

Here, They pretend to be = They act as if they are, allow = permit, lower-ranking wolves  = juniors, it is not too hard = gentle,

So, the answers are:

• submissive
• biting

Question 32: What is even more surprising is that when one of the juniors gets too forceful, it bends down begging for _______. Only when that has been granted will the wolves continue playing.

Keywords for this question: more surprising, when, one of the juniors, gets too forceful, bends down, begging for,    

In lines 10-12 of paragraph no. 4, the author of the text mentions, “ . .. .. Astonishingly, if an animal becomes aggressive, it will perform a ‘play bow’ to ask forgiveness before play resumes.”

Here, Astonishingly = What is even more surprising, when one of the juniors gets too forceful = if an animal becomes aggressive, play bow = bends down, begging for = ask, before play resumes = Only when that has been granted will the wolves continue playing,

So, the answer is: forgiveness

Questions 33-37: Matching places/names from list of descriptions:

[The rules for finding answers to this sort of question are simple. Just find the name of the names/places, read around it carefully and try to match with the given list of descriptions. Then, give a quick look to check whether there is another statement or idea provided by the same person in the text. If there is, check the reference carefully and decide your answer. Remember, the questions will not follow any sequential order. Do the reverse method when the statements are in questions]

Question 33: coyotes

Keywords for this question:  coyotes,   

In paragraph no.5, lines 2-5 say, “ . . . Among  coyotes, cubs which are too aggressive are ignored by the rest of the group and often end up having to leave entirely. . . .”

Here, too aggressive = do not obey the moral code, end up having to leave entirely = may be driven away by their peers,

So, the answer is: E (may be driven away by their peers if they do not obey the moral code.)

Question 34: domestic dogs

Keywords for this question: domestic dogs,  

Again, in paragraph no. 5, lines 5-8 say, “ . . . Experiments with domestic dogs, where one animal was given some ‘sweets’ and another wasn’t, have shown that they possess a sense of fairness as they allowed their companion to eat some.”

Here, sweets = treats, they allowed their companion to eat some = share treats with a peer,

So, the answer is: C (sometimes share treats with a peer.)

Question 35: elephants

Keywords for this question: elephants,     

The answer can be found in paragraph no. 6, as we find the mention of ‘elephants’ here. In this paragraph, lines 7-12state, “ . .. . In 2003, a herd of 11 elephants rescued antelopes which were being held inside an enclosure in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. . .. .”

Here, a herd of 11 elephants = elephants, rescued = help, antelopes = a different type of animal, being held inside an enclosure = in difficulty,

So, the answer is: G (may help a different type of animal which is in difficulty.)

Question 36: Diana monkeys

Keywords for this question: Diana monkeys,    

The answer lies in the beginning of paragraph no. 7 as the writer says here, “A laboratory experiment involved training Diana monkeys to insert a token into a slot to obtain food. A male who had become skilled at the task was found to be helping the oldest female, who had not learned how to do it. .. ..”  

Here, helping the oldest female = assist a peer, who had not learned how to do it = failing to complete a task,

So, the answer is: D (may assist a peer who is failing to complete a task.)

Question 37: rats

Keywords for this question: rats,

The answer lies in paragraph no. 9, as the writer explains in the beginning, “Experiments with rats have shown that they will not take food if they know their actions will cause pain to another rat. .. . .”

Here, they will not take food = unwilling to benefit from something, cause pain to another rat = hurts their peers,

So, the answer is: F (seem unwilling to benefit from something that hurts their peers.)

Questions 38-40: Multiple choice questions

[This type of question asks you to choose a suitable answer from the options using the knowledge you gained from the passage. Generally, this question is set found as the last question set in most passages so you should not worry much about it. Finding all the answers to previous questions gives you a good idea about these questions.]

Question 38: What view is expressed by Professor de Waal?

Keywords for this question: view, professor de Waal,     

The answer is found in lines 12-15 of paragraph no. 3, “Professor Frans de Waal, who examines . .. . . . . . . .. .. . . .. . . Human morality was not formed from scratch, but grew out of our primate psychology. Primate psychology has ancient roots, and I agree that other animals show many of the same tendencies and have an intense sociality.”

Here, Human morality = human moral beliefs, grew out = developed, Primate psychology has ancient roots = animal ancestors,

So, the answer is: C (Some human moral beliefs developed from our animal ancestors.)

Question 39: Why does Professor Bekoff mention the experiment on Diana monkeys?  

Keywords for this question: why, Professor Bekoff, mention, experiment on Diana monkeys,   

The mention of Diana monkeys is found in paragraph no. 7. Here, lines 8-11 say, “ .. . . As there was no benefit for the male monkey, Professor Bekoff argues that this is a clear example of an animal’s actions being driven by some internal moral compass.”

Here, that this is a clear example of an animal’s actions being driven by some internal moral compass indicates that animals’ actions is influenced by moral range that resides inside them (a point that the professor wants to make).

So, the answer is: D (It illustrates a point he wants to make about monkeys and other creatures.)

Question 40: What does the writer find most surprising about chimpanzees?  

Keywords for this question: find, most surprising, chimpanzees,  

In paragraph no. 8, the writer mentions in lines 5-12, “ . . .. A chimpanzee known as Knuckles is the only known captive chimpanzee to suffer from cerebral palsy, which leaves him physically and mentally impaired. What is extraordinary is that scientists have observed other chimpanzees interacting with him differently and he is rarely subjected to intimidating displays of aggression from older males. . .. ..”

Here, What is extraordinary = most surprising, chimpanzee to suffer from cerebral palsy = disabled peers, he is rarely subjected to intimidating displays of aggression from older males = treat disabled peers with consideration,

So, the answer is: B (They appear to treat disabled peers with consideration.)

Section 1: Young Fashion Designer UK competition

Questions 1-7: TRUE, FALSE, NOT GIVEN

[In this type of question, candidates are asked to find out whether:

The statement in the question agrees with the information in the passage – TRUE
The statement in the question contradicts with the information in the passage – FALSE
If there is no information on this – NOT GIVEN

For this type of question, you can divide each statement into three independent pieces and make your way through with the answer.]

Question 1: Participants are required to create a new item of clothing for the Young Fashion Designer UK competition.

Keywords for this question: Participants, required to create, new item of clothing,

In the second paragraph, the writer of the text says in lines 1-2, “The competition is designed for students to enter the coursework they are currently working on rather than specifically producing different pieces of work. .. ..”  

Here, rather than specifically producing different pieces of work = Participants are NOT required to create a new item of clothing,

So, the answer is: FALSE

Question 2: Participants must send information about the thoughts that led to the item they are entering for the competition.   

Keywords for this question: Participants must send, information, thoughts that led to, item,       

In the third paragraph, the writer describes the requirements to enter the competition. Take a close look at the first requirement,

“ 1) Provide three A3 colour copies from your design folder.

You must include:

• Initial ideas about the clothing
• A close-up photograph of the front and back view of the finished clothing.

Here, Initial ideas about the clothing = the thoughts that led to the item they are entering for the competition,

So, the answer is: TRUE                      

Question 3: The shortlist will consist of a fixed number of finalists.  

Keywords for this question: shortlist, will consist of, fixed number, finalists,  

We find the keyword ‘shortlist’ in the first line of paragraph no. 4. However, the paragraph doesn’t say anything about any fixed number of finalists.

This means the information is NOT GIVEN in the paragraph.

So, the answer is: NOT GIVEN       

Question 4: Finalists can choose how to present their work to the judges on their stand.

Keywords for this question: Finalists can choose, how to present, their work, judges, their stand,      

In paragraph no. 4, look at lines 3-5, “ . … Each finalist will have their own stand consisting of a table and tabletop cardboard display panel. Feel free to add as much creativity to your stand as possible. .. . .”

Here, Feel free to add as much creativity to your stand as possible = finalists can choose how to present their work . .. . on their stand,

So, the answer is: TRUE                   

Question 5: It is strongly recommended that finalists support their entry with additional photographs.

Keywords for this question: strongly recommended, finalists support, their entry, additional photographs,

Again, in paragraph no. 4, look at lines 5-7, “ . … Some students bring tablets/ laptops with slideshows or further images of work but it should be emphasised that these may not necessarily improve your chances of success.”

Here, further images = additional photographs, it should be emphasised that these may not necessarily improve your chances of success = NOT strongly recommended,

So, the answer is: FALSE

Question 6: Questions that the students ask the judges may count towards the final decisions.

Keywords for this question: questions, students, ask the judges, may count, towards, final decisions,  

In the fifth paragraph, take a look at lines 3-4, “ . .. . You are welcome to ask the judges questions. In fact, you should make the most of having experts on hand.”

Here, there’s NO INFORMATION on whether asking questions may count towards the final decisions or not.

So, the answer is: NOT GIVEN

Question 7: Extra prizes may be awarded depending on the standard of the entries submitted. 

Keywords for this question: extra prizes, may be awarded, depending on, standard, entries submitted,  

In the final paragraph, have a close look at lines 1-2, “There are 1st, 2nd and 3rd prize winners for each category. The judges can also decide to award special prizes if the work merits this. . .. .”

Here, The judges can also decide to award special prizes if the work merits this = Extra prizes may be awarded depending on the standard of the entries submitted,

So, the answer is: TRUE

Questions 8-14: Which keyboard should you buy?

Questions 8-14:  Identifying information:

[This question asks you to find information from the passage and write the number of the paragraph (A, B, C or D … .. ) in the answer sheet. Now, if the question is given in the very first part of the question set, I’d request you not to answer them. It’s mainly because this question will not follow any sequence, and so it will surely kill your time. Rather, you should answer all the other questions first. And just like List of Headings, only read the first two lines or last two lines of the expected paragraph initially. If you find the answers, you need not read the middle part. If you don’t find answers yet, you can skim the middle part of the paragraph. Keywords will be a useful matter here.]

Question 8: This keyboard may not suit users who prefer the keys to be almost silent.  

Keywords for this question: may not suit, users, prefer, keys, to be almost silent,  

In the description of Keyboard B (Cherry MX 3.0 Keyboard), have a close look at line no. 3, “ . . .. It’s also rather loud though, which can take some getting used to.”

Here, rather loud = may not suit users who prefer the keys to be almost silent,

So, the answer is: B

Question 9: This keyboard is easily portable because it can be made to fit into a small space. 

Keywords for this question: easily portable, because, can be made, to fit into, small space,

In the description of Keyboard E (Microsoft Universal Bluetooth Keyboard), the author of the text says in the first lines, “Microsoft’s Bluetooth keyboard has one very handy feature – you can fold it in half and carry it around in your jacket pocket or bag. .. .. .”

Here, you can fold it in half = can be made fit into a small space, carry it around = easily portable,

So, the answer is: E

Question 10: This keyboard includes a special place to put small devices.

Keywords for this question: includes a special place, put, small devices,  

In the description of Keyboard C (Logitech K780), the author of the text says in lines 1-2, “ . .. . There’s an integrated stand for smartphones and tablets too. .. . ..”

Here, an integrated stand = a special place, smartphones and tablets = small devices,  

So, the answer is: C

Question 11: This Keyboard is designed to prevent injury to those who spend a lot of time on the computer. 

Keywords for this question: designed, to prevent injury, who spend, a lot of time, on the computer,  

In the description of Keyboard D (Microsoft Sculpt Ergonomic), the author says in lines 1-3, “. … .. It provides wrist support and lifts your forearms into a relaxed position so you don’t hurt yourself from typing for lengthy periods. . . .”

Here, you don’t hurt yourself = prevent injury, typing for lengthy periods = spend a lot of time on the computer,

So, the answer is: D

Question 12: This keyboard offers good value for money.

Keywords for this question: offers, good value for money,  

In the description of Keyboard A (Logitech K120), the author says in line no. 3, “ . … . For the price, it’s a tempting choice.”

Here, For the price, it’s a tempting choice = offers good value for money,

So the answer is: A

Question 13: This keyboard is primarily aimed at people who use their computer for entertainment.

Keywords for this question: primarily aimed at, people who use, computer, for entertainment,  

In the description of Keyboard F (Corsair Strafe RGB Keyboard), the author says in line no. 3, “ . … .. All this is because it’s designed for gamers. … …”

Here, it’s designed for gamers = primarily aimed at people who use their computer for entertainment,

So the answer is: F

Question 14: It shouldn’t take long for users to get used to the shape of the keys on this keyboard.

Keywords for this question: shouldn’t take long, users, to get used to, the shape of the keys,  

In the description of Keyboard C (Logitech K780), the author of the text says in lines 3-4, “ . .. . and the circular keys are easy to familiarise yourself with, well-spaced and large enough to hit accurately. .. ..”

Here, easy to familiarise yourself with = It shouldn’t take long for users to get used to,

the circular keys .. .. . well-spaced and large enough to hit accurately = the shape of the keys,

So the answer is: C

Section 2: Working for a small company may be better than you think

Questions 15-20: Completing sentences with ONE WORD ONLY:

[In this type of question, candidates are asked to write a maximum of one word to complete sentences on the given topic. For this type of question, first, skim the passage to find the keywords in the paragraph concerned with the answer, and then scan to find the exact word.

TIPS: Here scanning technique will come in handy. Target the keywords of the questions to find the answers. Remember to focus on Proper nouns, random Capital letters, numbers, special characters of text, etc.]

Question 15: In a small business it is easy to become _______ with colleagues and other departments.  

Keywords for this question:small business, easy to become, colleagues and other departments,   

In the second paragraph of the text, the first lines say, “Working in a small organisation with a small workforce means it’s likely to be easy to become part of it. It won’t be long before you’re familiar with the staff and the departments that you need to deal with. . … .”  

Here, the staff = colleagues, the departments that you need to deal with = other departments,

So, the answer is: familiar

Question 16: You may find you have ________ you were not aware.

Keywords for this question:may find, have, were not aware,  

In the third paragraph, lines 1-3 say, “In a small business you’re likely to have considerable variety in your workload, including opportunities to work in different areas of the company, which will allow you to identify abilities that you didn’t know you had. .. ..” 

Here, identify = find, you didn’t know = you were not aware,

So, the answer is: abilities

Question 17: Finding that your work is ________ will make you enjoy doing it.  

Keywords for this question:Finding, will make, enjoy doing it,

Take a look at lines 4-5 of paragraph no. 3, “.. .. . This variety in your work will help to make it stimulating, so you have a good reason for getting out of bed in the morning.”

Here, you have a good reason for getting out of bed in the morning = make you enjoy doing it,

So, the answer is: stimulating 

Question 18: Other people are likely to realise that you have ______.  

Keywords for this question:Other people, likely to realise, have,     

In lines 2-5 in the fourth paragraph, the author of the text says, “. .. . Because it’s much harder to overlook someone within a small workforce than a large one, your efforts are more likely to attract the attention of those higher up.  You’ll have plenty of opportunities to show what you can do, and to have your potential noticed. … ..”

Here, more likely to attract the attention of those higher up = other people are likely to realise,  

So, the answer is: potential

Question 19: Opportunities for ________ will come sooner than in a larger business.  

Keywords for this question:Opportunities, will come sooner, than, larger business,        

The last line of paragraph no. 4 says, “ .. . . The result is very likely to be that promotion comes to you faster.

Here, comes to you faster = come sooner,

So, the answer is: promotion  

Question 20: You can benefit from a small company being more _______ than a large one.

Keywords for this question:can benefit from, small company, being, more, than, large one,   

In the final paragraph (paragraph no. 5), have a close look at the first lines, “Small businesses are usually flexible, something that is rarely true of large organisations. This means that if they’re well managed, they can adapt to make the most of changes in the wider economy, which in turn can help you.”

Here, is rarely true of large organisations = small companies are more flexible than large companies, can help you = you can benefit from a small company,

So, the answer is: flexible     

Starting a new job

Questions 21-27: Identifying information

[This question asks you to find information from the passage and write the number of the paragraph (A, B, C or D … .. ) in the answer sheet. Now, if the question is given in the very first part of the question set, I’d request you not to answer them. It’s mainly because this question will not follow any sequence, and so it will surely kill your time. Rather, you should answer all the other questions first. And just like List of Headings, only read the first two lines or last two lines of the expected paragraph initially. If you find the answers, you need not read the middle part. If you don’t find answers yet, you can skim the middle part of the paragraph. Keywords will be a useful matter here.]

Question 21: the emotions that new employees are likely to experience at first

Keywords for this question:emotions, new employees, likely to experience, at first,  

The answer can be found in paragraph C. Take a look at the first lines, “It can be a shock to join a new organisation. When you are a newcomer, feeling uncertain and perhaps a little confused, .. . ..”

Here, shock & feeling uncertain and perhaps a little confused = the emotions,  

So, the answer is: C

Question 22: a warning to be patient at first

Keywords for this question:warning, be patient, at first,     

Paragraph F starts with a warning, “Don’t try to do the job too soon. .. .. .”

Here, Don’t try to do .. .. . too soon = be patient,

So, the answer is: F

Question 23: how colleagues might react to certain behaviour

Keywords for this question:how, colleagues, might react, certain behaviour,

In paragraph C, the writer of the text says in lines 2-6, “ . .. .. .. there can be a strong temptation to talk about your old job and organisation as a way of reminding yourself and telling others that you really know what you are doing, because you did it in your previous role. Unfortunately, this will suggest that you have a high opinion of yourself, and that you think your old place was better. It has enormous power to annoy, .. ..”   

Here, the lines suggest that your colleagues might be feeling annoyed when you are talking about your previous job and organisation.  

So, the answer is: C

Question 24: travelling to your new workplace before you start working there

Keywords for this question:travelling to, new workplace, before, start working, there,    

In paragraph A, the writer says in the beginning, “Make sure you know when and where you are expected to report on your first day. If the route from home is unfamiliar to you, make a practice run first; .. .. .”

Here, practice run first = travelling to new workplace before start working,  

So, the answer is: A

Question 25: an example of observing an activity carried out within an organisation  

Keywords for this question:example, observing, an activity, carried out, within, organisation,

In paragraph E, the writer of the text shares his or her own work experience, “When I worked for a television company, all of us, whatever our job, were strongly encouraged to visit a studio and see how programmes were made. .. .”

Here, and see how programmes were made = observing an activity carried out within an organisation,

So, the answer is: E

Question 26: some things that the organisation should arrange for when you begin

Keywords for this answer: some things, organisation, should arrange for, when, begin,

In paragraph B, the writer says, “You should expect to have an induction programme planned for you; a security pass; visits to whatever parts of the organisation you need to understand to do your job properly; .. . . .”

Here, an induction programme, security pass, visits to whatever parts of the organisation = some things … . organisation should arrange for you,

So, the answer is: B

Question 27: a division of jobs within an organisation into two categories

Keywords for this answer: division of jobs, within, organisation, two categories,

Take a look at the first line of paragraph D, “All employers have a core product or service paid for by customers

. .. .. .”

Here, core product & service are the division of jobs into two categories.

So, the answer is: D

Section 3: How animals keep fit    

Questions 28-30: Multiple choice questions

[This type of question asks you to choose a suitable answer from the options using the knowledge you gained from the passage. Generally, this question is set found as the last question set in most passages so you should not worry much about it. Finding all the answers to previous questions gives you a good idea about these questions.]

Question 28: The writer discusses marathon runners and barnacle geese to introduce the idea that  

Keywords for this question: marathon runners, barnacle geese, to introduce the idea,

In the first paragraph, the writer talks about marathon runners and says, “ … .. . But no matter how well they have stuck to their training regime, contestants will find that running non-stop for 42 kilometres is going to hurt.”

Here, running non-stop for 42 kilometres is going to hurt means that serious training hurts human beings.

Then, in paragraph no. 2, the writer says, “Now consider the barnacle goose. Every year this bird carries out a 3000-kilometre migration. So how do the birds prepare for this? . . .. . . . .   Instead, says environmental physiologist Lewis Halsey, ‘They just basically sit on the water and eat a lot.’”

Here, They just basically sit on the water and eat a lot = serious training is not always necessary for physical achievement,  

So, the answer is: D (serious training is not always necessary for physical achievement.)

Question 29: The writer says that human muscles

Keywords for this question: human muscles,

The answer can be traced in paragraph no. 9, in lines 1-5, “Our ancestors’ lives were unpredictable. They had to do a lot of running to catch food and escape danger, but they also needed to keep muscle mass to a minimum because muscle is biologically expensive. Each kilogram contributes about 10 to 15 kilocalories a day to our metabolism when resting – which doesn’t sound like much until you realise that muscles account for about 40 percent of the average person’s body mass. .. .”  

Here, these lines suggest that human muscles use up massive energy when the body takes rest.

So, the answer is: A (use up a lot of energy even when resting.) 

Question 30: The writer says that in order to survive, early humans developed the ability to

Keywords for this question: in order to survive, early humans, developed, the ability,  

Again, the answer can be found in paragraph no. 9, in lines 1-2, “Our ancestors’ lives were unpredictable. They had to do a lot of running to catch food and escape danger, .. .”

Here, Our ancestors = early humans, had to do a lot of running = run long distances, catch food and escape danger = in order to survive,

So, the answer is: B (run long distances.) 

Questions 31-35: Summary completion

[In this kind of question candidates are given a summary for one, two, or three paragraphs with some fill in the blanks questions. Candidates need to find out the related paragraphs by correctly studying the keywords from the questions. Then, they should follow the steps of finding answers to fill in the gaps.]

Title of the summary: What is the key to physical fitness?

Question 31: In biological terms, when an animal is physically fit, its body changes, becoming more powerful and ________.

Keywords for this question: biological terms, animal, physically fit, body changes, becoming, more powerful,  

In paragraph no. 6, the writer says in lines 2-3, “. . . .. Biologically speaking, all it means is that the body has undergone changes that make it stronger and more efficient. .. . .”

Here, Biologically speaking = In biological terms, body has undergone changes = body changes, stronger = more powerful,

So, the answer is: efficient

Question 32: For bears, this change may be initially caused by colder weather or a lack of __________,  . .. . .

Keywords for this question: bears, this change, may be, initially caused by, colder weather, lack of,

In paragraph no. 6, lines 3-5 say, “… … In animals such as bears these changes appear to be triggered by cues such as falling temperatures or insufficient food. .. ..”

Here, In animals such as bears = for bears, triggered by = initially caused by, falling temperatures = colder weather, insufficient = lack of,

So, the answer is: food

Questions 33 and 34:  . . .. . which during 33. _________ causes certain compounds to be released into their 34. _________ and to travel around the body. These compounds appear to prevent muscle loss.

Keywords for this question: during, causes, certain compounds, released into, travel, around the body,  these compounds, prevent, muscle loss,

In lines 5-7 of paragraph no.6, the writer says, “. . .. In the months of hibernation, these factors seem to prompt the release of muscle-protecting compounds which are then carried to the bears’ muscles in their blood and prevent muscle loss.”

Here, In the months of = during, release of muscle-protecting compounds = cause certain compounds to be released, in their blood = into their blood,

So, the answers are:

• hibernation
• blood

Question 35: In the case of barnacle geese, the change may be due to a variation in _________.

Keywords for this answer: barnacle geese, change, may be, due to, variation in,  

In paragraph no. 7, take a look at the first few lines, “Barnacle geese, Halsey suggests, may be responding to an environmental change such as temperature, which helps their bodies somehow, ‘know’ that a big physical challenge is looming. .. . .”

Here, may be responding to an environmental change = the change may be due to a variation in,

So, the answer is: temperature

Questions 36-40:  Matching statements with list of people

[In this type of question, candidates need to relate statements that are given by or link to people in the passage. The rules for finding answers to this sort of question are simple. Just find the name of the person and read around it carefully. Then, give a quick look to check whether there is another statement or idea provided by the same person in the text. If there is, check the reference carefully and decide your answer. Remember, the questions may not follow any sequential order.]

Question 36: One belief about how animals stay fit is possibly untrue.

Keywords for this question: one belief, how animals, stay fit, possibly untrue,  

To find the answer to this question, we have to read both paragraphs no. 3 and 4. First, let’s read paragraph no. 3, where the writer says, “Until recently, nobody has really asked whether exercise is as tightly connected to fitness in the rest of the animal kingdom as it is for us. The question is tied up in a broader assumption: that animals maintain fitness because of the exercise they get finding food and escaping predators.”

The paragraph suggests that there has been an assumption (belief) about how animals stay fit.

However, at the beginning of paragraph no. 4, the writer says, “Halsey points out that this may not necessarily be the case. … …”  

Here, this may not necessarily be the case = the belief is possibly untrue,  

So, the answer is: A (Lewis Halsey) 

Question 37: It may not be possible to train all animals to improve their speed.

Keywords for this question: may not be possible, train, all animals, improve, speed,    

The final paragraph discusses animals’ speed. Here, The first lines say, “As for speed, even those animals that do cover impressive distances don’t have to be the fastest they can possibly be. … .”

After that, we find comments made by physiologist Ross Tucker, . .. “ . . . ‘humans may be the only animal that actually cares about reaching peak performance.’ … .  . .. .. . ‘I don’t know that all animals are the same, performance-wise . . . and we don’t know whether training would enhance their ability,’ he says.” 

Here, we don’t know whether training would enhance their ability = it may not be possible to train all animals to improve their speed,

So, the answer is: D (Ross Tucker) 

Question 38: One type of bird has demonstrated fitness when exposed to a stimulus in experimental conditions.

Keywords for this question: One type of bird, demonstrated fitness, exposed to a stimulus, experimental conditions,

In paragraph no. 7, the writer mentions the experiment done by Chris Guglielmo. The writer says in lines 3-7, “. .. . Chris Guglielmo, a physiological ecologist has studied the effect of subjecting migratory songbirds known as yellow-rumped warblers to changing hours of daylight. ‘We don’t need to take little songbirds and train them up to do a 6- or 10-hour flight,’ he says. If they are subjected to the right daylight cycle, ‘we can take them out of the cage and put them in the wind tunnel, and they fly for 10 hours.”

Here, migratory songbirds known as yellow-rumped warblers = one type of bird, If they are subjected to the right daylight cycle, ‘we can take them out of the cage and put them in the wind tunnel, and they fly for 10 hours = demonstrated fitness when exposed to a stimulus in experimental conditions,

So, the answer is: B (Chris Guglielmo) 

Question 39: Human energy use developed in a different way from that of animals.   

Keywords for this question: Human energy use, developed, different way, animals,  

In paragraph no. 10, the writer talks about the development of human energy use compared to other animals. “So our physiology evolved to let our weight and fitness fluctuate depending on how much food was available. ‘This makes us evolutionarily different from most of other animals,’ says Lieberman. . .. . . . . . Cats are fast, but they don’t need to run very far. Perhaps a few mad dashes around the house are all it takes to keep a domestic one fit enough for feline purposes. ‘Humans, on the other hand, needed to adapt to run slower, but for longer,’ says Lieberman.”

Here, the comparison between cats and humans proves that human energy use developed in a different way (needed to adapt to run slower) from that of animals.

So, the answer is: C (Daniel Lieberman) 

Question 40: One type of bird may develop more strength when the weather becomes warmer or cooler.  

Keywords for this question: one type of bird, may develop, more strength, weather becomes, warmer, cooler,   

The answer to this question can be found in lines 1-3 of paragraph no. 7, “Barnacle geese, Halsey suggests, may be responding to an environmental change such as temperature, which helps their bodies somehow ‘know’ that a big physical challenge is looming. .. .. ..”  

Here, Barnacle geese = one type of bird, may be responding = may develop more strength, environmental change such as temperature = the weather becomes warmer or cooler, 

So, the answer is: A (Lewis Halsey) 

Section 1: Harvey’s Storage    

Questions 1-6:

TRUE, FALSE, NOT GIVEN

[In this type of question, candidates are asked to find out whether:

The statement in the question agrees with the information in the passage – TRUE
The statement in the question contradicts with the information in the passage – FALSE
If there is no information on this – NOT GIVEN

For this type of question, you can divide each statement into three independent pieces and make your way through with the answer.]

Question no. 1: There is an extra charge for locks and keys.  

Keywords for this question: an extra charge, locks and keys,      

In paragraph no. 2, take a look at lines 3-4, “.. . .. Heavy-duty locks and keys are provided to all of our customers and included in the prices listed. . . .”

Here, included in the prices listed =  NO EXTRA CHARGE,

So, the answers are: FALSE

Question no. 2: It is possible to arrange to share a storage unit with someone else.

Keywords for this question: possible to arrange, share, storage unit, with someone else,

Paragraph no. 2 explains the process of hiring the storage unit service. However, there is NO INFORMATION on whether customers can share the unit others or not.              

So, the answer is: NOT GIVEN       

Question no. 3: You can pick up your property from the storage unit during the night-time.

Keywords for this question: can pick up, property, from the storage unit, night-time,   

Lines 6-7 of paragraph no. 2 say, “ . . .. With 24-hour access, customers can deliver and collect items when it is convenient to do so, . .. ..”

Here, 24-hour access = during both daytime and night-time,

So, the answer is: TRUE                   

Question no. 4: You can drive your vehicle right next to your storage unit.

Keywords for this question: can drive, vehicle, right next to, storage unit,     

Lines 8-9 of paragraph no. 2 say, “ . .. . Tarmac roadways allow customers to park cars and lorries immediately outside their units, minimising the effort required to collect or drop items off.”

Here, park cars and lorries =drive your vehicle, immediately outside their units = right next to your storage unit,

So, the answer is: TRUE                   

Question no. 5: Students’ possessions can only be stored during vacation periods.

Keywords for this question: Students’ possessions, can only be stored, vacation periods,     

In paragraph no. 4 (Student storage), look at the first few lines, “You may be travelling or going home to see family and friends in the vacation, or need time to find a place to stay.  . . .”

Here, the lines suggest that students can store their possessions not only during vacation periods but also during other times (find a place to stay).

So, the answer is: FALSE

Question no. 6: The storage company will collect and deliver students’ property.  

Keywords for this question: storage company, will collect and deliver, student’s property,    

The last lines of paragraph no. 4 say, “. . . . You are responsible for organising transport but we can also recommend local van and driver hire companies.”

Here, You are responsible for organising transport means students have to deliver and collect their own property but it is possible to get recommendations about vehicle arrangements from the company.

So, the answer is: FALSE  

Local museums   

Questions 7-14: Identifying information:

[This question asks you to find information from the passage and write the number of the paragraph (A, B, C or D … .. ) in the answer sheet. Now, if the question is given in the very first part of the question set, I’d request you not to answer them. It’s mainly because this question will not follow any sequence, and so it will surely kill your time. Rather, you should answer all the other questions first. And just like List of Headings, only read the first two lines or last two lines of the expected paragraph initially. If you find the answers, you need not read the middle part. If you don’t find answers yet, you can skim the middle part of the paragraph. Keywords will be a useful matter here.]

Question no. 7: There are exhibits related to the history of agriculture in the region.

Keywords for this question: exhibits, history of agriculture, region,    

Take a close look at the description of Chatteris Museum. Here, lines 2-4 say, “. . .. The museum’s exhibits illustrate traditional aspects of the local farmers as well as the railway boom of the 19th century. .. . .”

Here, traditional aspects of the local farmers . .. of the 19th century  = the history of agriculture,

So, the answer is: C

Question no. 8: Equipment for putting out fires used to be kept in this building.

Keywords for this question: equipment, putting out fires, used to be kept, this building,     

In the description of Whittlesey Museum, the writer says in lines 1-2, “The museum is located in the Old Town Hall, which was originally built to house horse-drawn fire engines. . ..”  

Here, horse-drawn fire engines = Equipment for putting out fires,

So, the answer is: A

Question no. 9: You can find information on the rise of one type of transport.

Keywords for this question: find information, rise, one type of transport,    

Again, take a close look at the description of Chatteris Museum. Here, lines 2-4 say, “. . .. The museum’s exhibits illustrate traditional aspects of the local farmers as well as the railway boom of the 19th century. .. . .”

Here, railway boom = the rise of one type of transport,

So, the answer is: C

Question no. 10: There are things to see both inside and outside.

Keywords for this question: things to see, both, inside, outside,

In the description of Octavia Hill’s Birthplace House, the writer says in the last lines, “ .. . Visitors are taken on a guided tour and are then free to explore the gardens.”

Here, taken on a guided tour = inside, free to explore the gardens = outside,

So, the answer is: B

Question no. 11: It is possible to obtain copies of old pictures and documents.  

Keywords for this question: possible to obtain, copies, old pictures and documents,     

Once more, take a close look at the description of Chatteris Museum. Here, in lines 3-4, the writer says, “ .. . The museum has a touch-screen kiosk which contains over 9,000 historic photographs and texts, reproductions of which can be made on request.”  

Here, historic photographs and texts = old pictures and documents, reproductions = copies, can be made on request = possible to obtain,

So, the answer is: C

Question no. 12: On certain days you can see an original work by a writer of fiction.

Keywords for this question: certain days, can see, original work, by, writer of fiction,      

In the description of Wisbech and Fenland Museum, the writer says in lines 3-4, “ . .. contains the manuscript of Great Expectations by the 19th-Century novelist Charles Dickens, … ..”  

Here, manuscript of Great Expectations by the 19th-Century novelist Charles Dickens = original work by a writer of fiction,

So the answer is: E

Question no. 13: Someone who was interested in environmental matters lived here for a time.    

Keywords for this question: someone, interested, environmental matters, lived here, for a time,    

In the description of Octavia Hill’s Birthplace House, the writer says in the first lines, “. . . .this is the birthplace of pioneer social reformer Octavia Hill, who was active in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in social housing and the arts as well as in conservation issues. .. . .”  

Here, Octavia Hill = someone, conservation issues = environmental issues,

So the answer is: B

Question no. 14: This museum has an exhibit related to a heroic achievement.

Keywords for this question: an exhibit, related to, heroic achievement,   

Right above the ‘GIFT VOUCHERS’ section, there’s a small note that says,

In the description of March and District Museum, the writer says in lines 4-6, “ .. .. a medal which was awarded to train driver Ben Gimbert for his bravery in preventing loss of life when a train full of explosives caught fire in 1944.”   

Here, a medal = an exhibit, awarded to train driver Ben Gimbert for his bravery = heroic achievement,

So the answer is: D

Section 1: Consumer advice

Questions 1-6: TRUE, FALSE, NOT GIVEN

[In this type of question, candidates are asked to find out whether:

The statement in the question agrees with the information in the passage – TRUE
The statement in the question contradicts with the information in the passage – FALSE
If there is no information on this – NOT GIVEN

For this type of question, you can divide each statement into three independent pieces and make your way through with the answer.]

Question 1: You will receive a card telling you if an item has been left with a neighbour.

Keywords for this question: receive a card, if, item, left with, neighbour   

In the first paragraph, lines 3-5 say, “ . . . If your item wasn’t delivered to the location you agreed (e.g. if it was left with your neighbour without your consent), it’s the seller’s legal responsibility to sort out the issue.

However, the lines don’t tell us anything about what the consumer/customer will receive if an item has been left with a neighbour.

So, the answer is: NOT GIVEN

Question 2: It may be quicker to get a refund than a replacement for a non-delivered item.  

Keywords for this question: may be, quicker, get, refund, than, replacement, non-delivered item,       

The second paragraph talks about ‘replacement or refund’.

However, we don’t find any information about which one is quicker for a non-delivered item.

So, the answer is: NOT GIVEN             

Question 3: You are entitled to a refund if the item fails to arrive by a certain time.

Keywords for this question: entitled to a refund, item, fails to arrive, by, certain time,  

In the second paragraph, lines 1-2 say, “ .. . You can ask for your money back if you don’t receive the item within 30 days of buying it. .. .”

Here, can ask for your money back = entitled to a refund, don’t receive the item = the item fails to arrive, within 30 days of buying = by a certain time,

So, the answer is: TRUE       

Question 4: There is a time limit when using the ‘chargeback’ scheme for a debit card payment.

Keywords for this question: time limit, ‘chargeback’ scheme, debit card payment,

The third paragraph contains 3 bullet points.

The first bullet point says,

• If you paid by debit card, contact your bank and say you want to use the ‘chargeback’ scheme. . .. . .. .. . . . . .. . You should do this within 120 days of when you paid.

Here, You should do this within 120 days of when you paid = there is a time limit,

So, the answer is: TRUE       

Question 5: You can use the ‘chargeback’ scheme for a credit card payment of more than £100.

Keywords for this question: can use, ‘chargeback’ scheme, credit card payment, more than £100,

The third paragraph contains 3 bullet points.

The second bullet point says,

• If you paid by credit card and the item cost less than £100, you should contact your credit card company and say you want to use the ‘chargeback’ scheme. . .. .

Here, the item cost less than £100 is contradictory/ opposite to the information more than £100.

So, the answer is: FALSE

Question 6: Paypal’s online resolution centre has a good reputation for efficiency.

Keywords for this question: Paypal’s online resolution centre, good reputation, efficiency,  

The third paragraph contains 3 bullet points.

The third bullet point says,

• If you paid using PayPal, use PayPal’s online resolution centre to report your dispute. You must do this within 180 days of paying.

No information is shared here about the reputation of efficiency for Paypal’s online resolution centre.

So, the answer is: NOT GIVEN

Rice cookers  

Questions 8-14:  Identifying information

[This question asks you to find information from the passage and write the number of the paragraph (A, B, C or D … .. ) in the answer sheet. Now, if the question is given in the very first part of the question set, I’d request you not to answer them. It’s mainly because this question will not follow any sequence, and so it will surely kill your time. Rather, you should answer all the other questions first. And just like List of Headings, only read the first two lines or last two lines of the expected paragraph initially. If you find the answers, you need not read the middle part. If you don’t find answers yet, you can skim the middle part of the paragraph. Keywords will be a useful matter here.]

Question 7: The handles at the side are hard to use. 

Keywords for this question: handles, side, hard to use,

The answer can be found in the description of ‘VPN Rice Cooker’. In the last lines, the description says, “. .. .. and the handles are tricky to grip.”    

Here, tricky to grip = hard to use,

So, the answer is: D

Question 8: It cooks brown rice without making a mess.  

Keywords for this question: cooks, brown rice, without, making a mess,  

The answer can be found in the description of ‘S16 Rice Cooker’. The first line of the description says, “This is simple to use, not spitting or boiling over even when cooking brown rice. .. .”

Here, not spitting or boiling over even when cooking brown rice = cooks brown rice without making a mess,

So, the answer is: E

Question 9: It automatically switches setting to keep the rice warm when cooked.  

Keywords for this question: automatically switches setting, keep the rice warm, when cooked,

Take a look at the description of ‘Family Rice Cooker’.  The last lines say, “. .. . It’s programmed to adjust the temperature once the rice is done so that it stops cooking but doesn’t get cold.”

Here, It’s programmed to adjust the temperature = It automatically switches setting, it stops cooking but doesn’t get cold = keep the rice warm when cooked,

So, the answer is: B

Question 10: It’s difficult to get the removable top really clean.  

Keywords for this question: difficult, get, removable top, really clean,

The last lines of the description of ‘Ezy Rice Cooker’ say, “ .. . There are slight dirt traps around the rim of the lid, and neither the pot nor the lid is dishwater safe.”

Here, slight dirt traps around the rim of the lid & nor the lid is dishwater safe = difficult to get the removable top really clean,

So, the answer is: A

Question 11: A selection of recipes is provided with the cooker.  

Keywords for this question: A selection of recipes, provided with the cooker,

In the description of ‘VPN Rice Cooker’, lines 2-3 say, “ . . . and comes with a booklet including a range of ideas for rice dishes. . . .”

Here, booklet including a range of ideas for rice dishes = A selection of recipes,

So, the answer is: D

Question 12: It has a handle at the top for carrying the cooker safely.  

Keywords for this question: a handle, at the top, carrying the cooker, safely,  

Take a look at the description of ‘Family Rice Cooker’. Lines 1-2 say, “. .. . The lid locks when closed and becomes a secure handle to carry the cooker. . ..”

Here, The lid = at the top, to carry the cooker = for carrying the cooker, secure = safely,

So the answer is: B

Question 13: The outside of the cooker doesn’t get too hot.  

Keywords for this question: outside, cooker, doesn’t get, too hot,  

The answer can be found in the description of ‘S16 Rice Cooker’. Lines 2-3 of the description say, “ . .. . The exterior stays cool when in use, so there’s no danger of burning your hand. . ..”

Here, The exterior stays cool = The outside of the cooker doesn’t get too hot,

So the answer is: E

Question 14: You can put the pot in the dishwasher,  

Keywords for this question: can put the pot, in, the dishwasher,

Have a look at the description of ‘Mini Rice Cooker’. Lines 1-2 say, “ . .. The interior pot is made of non-stick aluminum and is dishwasher safe. … .”

Here, dishwasher safe = can put the pot in the dishwasher,

So the answer is: C

Section 2: Safety when working on roofs

Questions 15-22: Completing notes

[In this type of question, candidates are asked to complete different notes with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the text. Keywords are important to find answers correctly. Generally, this type of question maintains a sequence. However, we should not be surprised if the sequence is not maintained. Find the keywords in the passage and you are most likely to find the answers.]

Question 15: over half of falls are from less than _________.  

Keywords for this question: investigations, over half, falls, less than,    

Take a look at lines 2-4 in paragraph no. 1 where the author says, “. . .. . Investigations by WorkSafe into falls that occur while working at height show that more than 50 per cent of falls are from under three metres, . . .. .  

Here, more than 50 per cent of falls = over half of falls, under = less than,

So, the answer is: 3/ three metres/ meters

Question 16: the majority of falls occur on __________.

Keywords for this question: majority, falls, occur on,  

In lines 6-7 of paragraph no. 1, the author says, “…. More injuries happen on residential building sites than any other workplace in the construction sector.”

Here, More injuries happen on = the majority of falls occur on,

So, the answer is: residential building sites

Question 17: ________ the hazard at the planning stage before the work begins if possible.  

Keywords for this question: controls, hazard, planning stage, before, work begins, if possible,    

In paragraph no. 3, the first line says, “The first thing to be considered is whether it is possible to eliminate this hazard completely, so that workers are not exposed to the danger of falling. This can sometimes be done at the design, construction planning, and tendering stage. . . ..”

Here, whether it is possible = if possible, design, construction planning, and tendering stage = at the planning stage,

So, the answer is: eliminate

Question 18: prevent a fall by using edge protection, e.g. scaffolding or _________.  

Keywords for this question: controls, prevent, fall, using, edge protection, scaffolding, or,      

In paragraph no. 3, lines 5-6 say, “. .. . It may be possible to use the existing scaffolding as edge protection. If this is not practicable, then temporary work platforms should be used. … ..”  

Here, If this is not practicable = or,

So, the answer is: (temporary) (work) platforms

Question 19: reduce the likelihood of injury, e.g. by using __________.  

Keywords for this question: controls, reduce, likelihood, injury, e.g. using,        

The last lines of paragraph no. 3 say, “ . .. This means considering the use of safety nets and other similar systems to make it less likely that injury will be caused if a fall does occur.”

Here, make it less likely that injury will be caused = reduce the likelihood of injury,

So, the answer is: safety nets

Question 20: these should only be used for _______ which does not take a long time.

Keywords for this question: ladders, should be used, does not take, long time,  

In the first line of the final paragraph, the writer says, “Ladders should only be employed for short-duration maintenance work such as touching up paint. .. .”

Here, Ladders = these, should only be employed = should only be used, short-duration = does not take a long time, 

So, the answer is: (maintenance) work     

Question 21: training should be provided in their ______ and use.

Keywords for this question: ladders, training, should be provided, in, use, 

The answer can be found in lines 2-3 of the final paragraph, “ . .. People using ladders should be trained and instructed in the selection and safe use of ladders. .. .”

Here, should be trained and instructed = training should be provided, safe use of ladders = use,

So, the answer is: selection

Question 22: regular _______ of ladders is required.

Keywords for this question: regular, ladders, required,

The last lines in the final paragraph says, “. .. . . There should be inspection of all ladders on a regular basis to ensure they are safe to use.”

Here, regular basis = regular, There should be = required,

So, the answer is: inspection

Maternity Allowance for working women

Questions 23-27: Completing sentences

In this type of question, candidates are asked to write no more than two words and/or a number to complete sentences on the given topic. For this type of question, first, skim the passage to find the keywords in the paragraph concerned with the answer, and then scan to find the exact word.

[TIPS: Here scanning technique will come in handy. Target the keywords of the questions to find the answers. Remember to focus on Proper nouns, random Capital letters, numbers, special characters of text etc.]

Question 23: The maximum amount of money a woman can get each week is £ _______.

Keywords for this question: maximum amount of money, can get, each week, £,  

The second paragraph has two bullet points. Here, the first bullet point says,

• £140.98 a week or 90% of your average weekly earnings (whichever is less) for 39 weeks.

Here, £140.98 is the highest amount included in this text that a woman can get.

So, the answer is: 140.98

Question 24: Being ______ for a time does not necessarily mean that a woman will not be eligible for Maternity Allowance

Keywords for this question: being, for a time, does not necessarily mean, will not be eligible, Maternity Allowance, 

In the ‘Maternity Allowance for 39 weeks’ section, have a look at the last lines, “You may still qualify even if you’ve recently stopped working. It doesn’t matter if you had different jobs, or, periods when you were unemployed.”

Here, It doesn’t matter = does not necessarily mean,

This means being unemployed will not affect the eligibility of a woman to get Maternity Allowance.

So, the answer is: unemployed

Question 25: In order to claim, a woman must send a _______ or a Small Earnings Exemption Certificate as evidence of her income.  

Keywords for this question: In order to claim, must send, Small Earnings Exemption Certificate, evidence of her income,

In the ‘How to claim’ section, take a look at line 2-3 in the first paragraph. It says here, “You also need to provide a payslip or a Certificate of Small Earnings Exemption as proof of your income,  . .. .”

Here, proof of your income = evidence of her income,  

So, the answer is: payslip

Question 26: In order to claim, a woman may need to provide a ________ as evidence of the due date.

Keywords for this answer: In order to claim, may need to provide, evidence, due date,

In the ‘How to claim’ section, take a look at line no. 3 in the first paragraph. It says here, “ . .. .and proof of the baby’s due date, such as a doctor’s letter.” 

Here, proof of the baby’s due date = evidence of the due date,

So, the answer is: doctor’s letter

Question 27: Payment may be affected by differences in someone’s _________, such as a return to work, and the local Jobcentre Plus must be informed. 

Keywords for this answer: Payment, may be affected, differences in, such as, return to work, local Jobcentre Plus, must be informed,

In the ‘How to claim’ section, take a look at the third paragraph. It says here, “You should report any changes to your circumstances, for example, if you go back to work, to your local Jobcentre Plus as they can affect how much allowance you get.”

Here, any changes to your = differences in someone’s, go back to work return to work, can affect how much allowance you get = payments may be affected,

So, the answer is: circumstances

Section 3: The California Gold Rush of 1849

Questions 28-31:  Multiple choice questions

[This type of question asks you to choose a suitable answer from the options using the knowledge you gained from the passage. Generally, this question is set found as the last question set in most passages so you should not worry much about it. Finding all the answers to previous questions gives you a good idea about these questions.]

Question 28: The writer suggests that Marshall’s discovery came at a good time for the US because –  

Keywords for this question: Marshall’s discovery, came at a good time, for the US, because,

In section A, the first lines details about the discovery made by Marshall, “On January 24, 1848, James Wilson Marshall, a carpenter, found small flakes of gold in the American River near Coloma, California.  . . .” Then, in lines 4-6, the writer explains the importance of the discovery, “ . .. . As it happens, just days after Marshall’s discovery, the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was signed, ending the Mexican-American War and transforming California, with its mineral deposits, into the ownership of the United States. .. ..”

Here, into the ownership of the United States = the region was about to come under the control of the US,   

So, the answer is: D (the region was about to come under the control of the US.)

Question 29: What was the reaction in 1848 to the news of the discovery of gold?

Keywords for this question: reaction, 1848, news of the discovery of gold, 

Section B discusses the initial reaction of the news of the discovery of gold. The author of the text says here, “. . . mid-March 1848 at least one newspaper was reporting that large quantities of gold were being found. Though the initial reaction in San Francisco was disbelief, storekeeper Sam Brannan set off a frenzy when he paraded through town displaying a small bottle containing gold from Sutter’s Creek. .. .” 

Here, ‘the bold-italic lines’ suggest that people had to wait for a physical evidence of the news before they took it seriously.

So, the answer is: C (People needed to see physical evidence before they took it seriously.)

Question 30: What was the result of thousands of people moving to California?

Keywords for this question: the result, thousands of people, moving to California,

Section C contains two paragraphs. The first paragraph discusses why and how many people, mostly men, moved from different parts of the United States to California. In lines 7-10, the author says, “ .. . In pursuit of the kind of wealth they had never dreamed of, they left their families and local areas; in turn, their wives had no option but to shoulder different responsibilities such as running farms or businesses, and many made a real success of them.”

These lines suggest that the female population, who stayed behind, took the unexpected roles of running farms or businesses.

So, the answer is: C (Some of those who stayed behind had to take on unexpected roles.)

Question 31: What does the writer say about using pans and rockers to find gold?

Keywords for this question: using, pans and rockers, to find gold,

The writer talks about using pans in Section D and using rockers in Section E. If you skim both these sections, you’ll find information about a design fault in rockers in Section E. Let’s read that part.

Section E contains two paragraphs. In the second paragraph, the writer says in lines 4-8, “ . .. The primary disadvantage was that the rocker had difficulty in trapping the smallest particles of gold, commonly known as ‘flour’. Some miners added small amounts of mercury to the bottom of the rocker. Due to its chemical composition, it had a facility to trap fine gold. . . ..”

Here, primary disadvantage = main problem/ design fault,

Some miners added small amounts of mercury to the bottom of the rocker = miners had to find a way round a design fault in the rockers,

So, the answer is: D (Miners had to find a way round a design fault in one system.)

Questions 32-36:  Identifying information

[This question asks you to find information from the passage and write the number of the paragraph (A, B, C or D … .. ) in the answer sheet. Now, if the question is given in the very first part of the question set, I’d request you not to answer them. It’s mainly because this question will not follow any sequence, and so it will surely kill your time. Rather, you should answer all the other questions first. And just like List of Headings, only read the first two lines or last two lines of the expected paragraph initially. If you find the answers, you need not read the middle part. If you don’t find answers yet, you can skim the middle part of the paragraph. Keywords will be a useful matter here.]

Question 32: a reference to ways of making money in California other than mining for gold

Keywords for this question: ways of making money, California, other than mining for gold,

In section C, take a look at the second paragraph. The writer says here, in lines 3-5, “ . .. . To accommodate the needs of the ‘49ers, as the gold miners were known, towns had sprung up all over the region, complete with shops and other businesses seeking to make their own Gold Rush fortune. .. .. .”

Here, towns had sprung up all over the region, complete with shops and other businesses = ways of making money in California other than mining for gold,   

So, the answer is: C

Question 33: a suggestion that the gold that was found did not often compensate for the hard work undertaken

Keywords for this question: gold that was found, did not often compensate for, the hard work undertaken,

In section F, have a look at lines 4-5, “ . .. Moreover, the average daily pay for an independent miner had by then dropped sharply from what it had been in 1848. .. .. .”

Here, the average daily pay for an independent miner had by then dropped sharply = the gold that was found did not often compensate for the hard work undertaken,  

So, the answer is: F  

Question 34: a mention of an individual who convinced many of the existence of gold in California

Keywords for this question: individual, who convinced, many of the existence of gold, California,

In Section B, take a close look at lines 4-5, “ . .. . storekeeper Sam Brannan set off a frenzy when he paraded through town displaying a small bottle containing gold from Sutter’s Creek. .. .”

Here, storekeeper Sam Brannan = an individual, paraded through town displaying a small bottle containing gold from Sutter’s Creek = convinced many of the existence of gold in California,

So, the answer is: B

Question 35: details of the pre-Gold Rush population of California

Keywords for this answer: pre-Gold Rush population, California,

In section A, the last few lines provide the population of California just before the Gold Rush, “. . .. At the time, the population of the territory consisted of 6,500 Californios (people of Spanish or Mexican descent); 700 foreigners (primarily Americans); and 150,000 Native Americans.”    

So, the answer is: A

Question 36: a contrast between shrinking revenue and increasing population

Keywords for this question: contrast between, shrinking revenue, increasing population,

Section G is a short section where we find the contrast between shrinking revenue and increasing population. Let’s read lines 3-5, “.. .. . After that year, the total take declined gradually, leveling off to around $45 million per year by 1857. Settlement in California continued, however, and by the end of the decade the state’s population was 380,000.”

These lines suggest that the revenue earned from gold had been shrinking while the population had been increasing.

So, the answer is: G

Questions 37-40:  Summary completion

[In this kind of question candidates are given a summary for one, two, or three paragraphs with some fill in the blanks questions. Candidates need to find out the related paragraphs by correctly studying the keywords from the questions. Then, they should follow the steps of finding answers to fill in the gaps.]

Title of the summary: Basic techniques for extracting gold

Question 37: The most basic method used by many miners began with digging some _______ out of a river and hoping it might contain gold.

Keywords for this question: most basic method, used by many miners, began with, digging some, out of a river, hoping, might contain gold,

Section D talks about the use of pans for extracting gold.

Here, lines 2-4 say, “ . .. . The basic procedure was to place some gold-bearing materials, such as river gravel, into a shallow pan, add some water, and then carefully swirl the mixture around so the water and light material spilled over the side. . .”

Here, gold-bearing materials = hoping it might contain gold, river gravel = gravel out of a river,

So, the answer is: gravel   

Question 38: Gold dust, which weighed more, remained in the pan or, if the miners were very lucky, there might even be some ______ too. It was, however, a very laborious method.  

Keywords for this question: gold dust, weighed more, remained in the pan, miners, very lucky, might even be, some, laborious method,      

In lines 4-5 of Section D, the writer mentions, “ . .. If all went well, the heavier gold nuggets or gold dust would settle to the bottom of the pan. Gold panning was slow even for the most skillful miner. On a good day, one miner could wash about 50 pans in the usual 12-hour workday.”

Here, If all went well = if the miners were very lucky, one miner could wash about 50 pans in the usual 12-hour workday = gold panning was a very laborious method,

So, the answer is: nuggets

Question 39: The rocker was also used. . . .. . . .. .  Larger stones stuck in the ________, while gold dropped to the bottom.  

Keywords for this question: rockers, also used, larger stones, stuck in the, gold, dropped, to the bottom,

Section E, which contains two paragraphs, explains how rockers worked. Here, in lines 5-6 of the first paragraph, the writer mentions, “ . .. .. The big rocks were caught in a sieve at the top, the waste exited the lower end with the water, and the heavy gold fell to the bottom of the box.”

Here, The big rocks = Larger stones,caught in = stuck in, the heavy gold fell to the bottom = gold dropped to the bottom,

So, the answer is: sieve

Question 40: However, a process was introduced involving _________ to ensure no gold was washed out in the water.  

Keywords for this question: However, a process, was introduced, involving, ensure, no gold was washed out, in the water,   

In section E, the second paragraph explains how miners solved a fault in the rockers to trap ‘flour’ of the extracted gold. Here, in lines 5-7, the writer explains, “ … . .. Some miners added small amounts of mercury to the bottom of the rocker. Due to its chemical composition, it had a facility to trap fine gold. .. .”     

Here, Some miners added small amounts of mercury = a process was introduced involving mercury, it had a facility to trap fine gold = ensure no gold was washed out,

So, the answer is: mercury