THE IELTS BRIDGE

IELTS Listening Practice Test – Exercise 73

Questions 1-10 

Complete the notes below.

Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.

‘Self-regulatory focus theory’ and leadership

Self-regulatory focus theory

People’s focus is to approach pleasure or avoid pain

Promotion goals focus on 

Prevention goals emphasise avoiding punishment

Factors that affect people’s focus

The Chronic Factor

  • comes from one’s 

The  Factor

  • we are more likely to focus on promotion goals when with a 
  • we are more likely to focus on prevention goals with our boss

How people’s focus affects them

Promotion Focus: People think about an ideal version of themselves, their  and their gains.

Prevention Focus: People think about their ‘ought’ self and their obligations

Leaders

Leadership behaviour and  affects people’s focus

Transformational Leaders:

  • pay special attention to the  of their followers
  • passionately communicate a clear 
  • inspire promotion focus in followers

Transactional Leaders:

  • create  to make expectations clear
  • emphasise the results of a mistake
  • inspire prevention focus in followers

Conclusion

Promotion Focus is good for jobs requiring 10 

Prevention Focus is good for work such as a surgeon Leaders’ actions affect which focus people use

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